HISTORICAL PERIOD 6: CHAPTER 19 WORKSHEET
TRUE OR FALSE: (+) = True (0) - False
1. _____ Democratic politicians and others attempted to avoid the issue of
slavery in the territories by saying it should be left to "popular
sovereignty."
2. _____ The Free Soil party consisted of a small, unified bank of radical
abolitionists.
3. _____ The California gold rush diverted the nation's attention from
slavery.
4. _____ Southerners demanded a more effective fugitive-slave law to stop the
"Underground Railroad" from running escaped slaves to Canada.
5. _____ In the Senate debate of 1850, Calhoun spoke for compromise, while
Clay and Webster each defended his sectional interests.
6. _____ In the key provisions of the Compromise of 1850, New Mexico and Utah
were admitted as slave states, while California was left open to
popular sovereignty.
7. _____ The provision of the compromise of 1850 that aroused fierce northern
opposition was the fugitive Slave Law.
8. _____ The greatest political winner in the Compromise of 1850 was the
South.
9. _____ The Whig Party disappeared because its northern and southern wings
were too deeply split over the Fugitive Slave Law and other
sectional issues.
10. ____ The Pierce administration's expansionist efforts in Central America,
Cuba, and the Gadsden Purchase were basically designed to serve
southern proslavery interests.
11. ____ The Gadsden Purchase resulted in a general national agreement to
build the transcontinental railroad along the southern route.
12. ____ Douglas's Kansas-Nebraska Act was intended to organize western
territories so that a transcontinental railroad could be built along
a northern route.
13. ____ Both southerners and northerners alike refused to accept Douglas's
plan to repeal the Missouri Compromise.
14. ____ The Kansas-Nebraska Act wrecked the Compromise of 1850 and created
deep divisions within the Democratic Party.
15. ____ The Republican Party was initially organized as a northern protest
against Douglas's Kansas Nebraska Act.
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Multiple Choice
1. "Popular sovereignty" was the idea that
a. the government of the United States should be elected by the people.
b. western settlers should be able to organize their own territorial
governments.
c. the people of a territory should determine for themselves whether or
not to permit slavery.
d. the United States should assume popular control of the territory
acquired from Mexico.
2. In the election of 1848, the response of the Whig and Democratic parties
to the rising controversy over slavery was
a. a strong proslavery stance by the Democrats and a strong antislavery
stance by the Whigs.
b. platforms stressing both parties' clear differences with the
antislavery Free Soil party.
c. an attempt to ignore the issue.
d. permission for each candidate to take his own stand on the issue.
3. Forming an effective government in California was essential because of
a. the desire of antislavery forces to gain a new state for their cause.
b. the threat that Mexico would reconquer the territory.
c. the need to have a government capable of building a transcontinental
railroad.
d. the very large and unruly population drawn into the state by the
discovery of gold.
4. The proposed admission of California directly into the Union was
dangerously controversial because
a. the territory was in a condition of complete lawlessness and anarchy.
b. the Mexicans were threatening renewed warfare if California joined
the Union.
c. California's admission as a free state would destroy the equal
balance of slave and free states in the U.S. Senate.
d. there was a powerful movement to declare California an independent
nation.
5. The existence of the "underground railroad" added to southern demands for
a. the admission of new slave states to the Union.
b. the death penalty for abolitionists.
c. a stricter federal Fugitive Slave Law.
d. the enslavement of free blacks in North and South.
6. Among the notable advocates of compromise in the controversy over slavery
in 1850 were
a. William Seward and Zachary Taylor.
b. Henry Clay and Daniel Webster.
c. John C. Calhoun and Abraham Lincoln.
d. Stephen Douglas and Harriet Tubman.
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7. During the debate over the Compromise of 1850, northern antislavery forces
were particularly outraged by what they considered the "betrayal" of
a. Stephen A. Douglas. c. William Seward.
b. Daniel Webster. d. John C. Calhoun.
8. Under the terms of the Compromise of 1850,
a. California was admitted to the Union as a free state, and slavery in
Utah and New Mexico territories would be left to popular sovereignty.
b. California was admitted as a free state, and Utah and New Mexico as
slave states.
c. California, Utah, and New Mexico were kept as territories but with
slavery prohibited.
d. New Mexico and Texas were admitted as slave states and Utah and
California as free states.
9. The final battle to gain passage of the Compromise of 1850 was
substantially aided by
a. the conversion of William Seward to the idea of compromise.
b. the death of President Taylor and the succession of President
Fillmore.
c. the removal of the proposed Fugitive Slave Law from the compromise
bill.
d. the agreement to rely on popular sovereignty to resolve the future of
slavery in California.
10. The greatest winner in the Compromise of 1850 was
a. the North. c. neither the North nor the South.
b. the South. d. the border states.
11. One of the primary effects of the Fugitive Slave Law passed as part of
the Compromise of 1850 was
a. an end to slave escapes and the Underground Railroad.
b. popular northern support for the capture of runaway slaves.
c. a sharp rise in northern antislavery feeling.
d. an increase in violent slave rebellions.
12. The conflict over slavery after the election of 1852 shortly led to
a. the death of the Whig party.
b. the death of the Democratic party.
c. the death of the Republican party.
d. the rise of the Free Soil party.
13. Southerners seeking to expand the territory of slavery were especially
interested in acquiring
a. Canada and Alaska. c. Nicaragua and Cuba.
b. Venezuela and Colombia. d. Hawaii and Japan.
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14. The primary goal of Commodore Matthew Perry's treaty with Japan in 1854
was
a. establishing a balance of power in East Asia.
b. opening Japan to American trade.
c. guaranteeing the territorial integrity of China.
d. establishing American naval bases in Hawaii and Okinawa.
15. Northerners especially resented Douglas's Kansas-Nebraska Act because
a. it aimed to build a transcontinental railroad.
b. it might make Douglas a large personal profit.
c. it repealed the Missouri Compromise.
d. it would bring Kansas into the Union as a slave state.
Identification
1. Hotheaded southern agitators who pushed southern interests and favored
secession from the Union ___________________
2. The doctrine that the issue of slavery should be decided by the residents
of a territory themselves, not by the federal government _________________
3. The boundary line between slave and free states in the East, originally
the southern border of Pennsylvania ___________________________
4. The informal network that conducted runaway slaves from the South to
Canada _______________________________
5. Senator William Seward's doctrine that slavery should be excluded from the
territories because it is contrary to God's moral law, which stands above
the Constitution _____________________________
6. The provision of the Compromise of 1850 that comforted southern slave-
catchers and aroused the wrath of northern abolitionists _________________
7. Third-party entry in the election of 1848 that opposed slavery expansion
and prepared the way for the Republican Party ____________________________
8. A series of agreements between North and South that temporarily dampened
the slavery controversy and led to a short-lived "Era of Good Feelings"
________________________________
9. Political party that fell apart and disappeared after losing the election
of 1852 ________________
10. An agreement between Britain and America concerning any future Central
American canal ______________________________
11. A top-secret dispatch, drawn up by American diplomats in Europe, that
called for seizing Cuba from Spain _______________________________
12. Southwestern territory acquired by the Pierce administration to
facilitate a southern transcontinental railroad _________________________
13. The sectional agreement of 1820, repealed by the Kansas-Nebraska Act
_______________________________
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14. The political party that was deeply divided by Douglas's Kansas-Nebraska
Act _________________________
15. A new political party organized as a protest against the Kansas-Nebraska
Act _________________________
Matching People, Places, and Events
1. _____ Lewis Cass a. American naval commander who opened Japan to the
West in 1854
2. _____ Zachary Taylor b. Democratic presidential candidate in 1848,
original proponent of the idea of "popular
3. _____ California sovereignty"
c. Weak Democratic president whose prosouthern
4. _____ District of cabinet pushed aggressive expansionist schemes
Columbia d. Famous "conductor" on the Underground Railroad
5. _____ Harriet Tubman who rescued more than three hundred slaves from
bondage
6. _____ Daniel Webster e. Illinois politician who helped smooth over
sectional conflict in 1850 but then reignited it
7. _____ William Seward in 1854
f. Central American nation desired by proslavery
8. _____ Utah and New expansionists in the 1850s
Mexico g. Military hero of the Mexican War who became the
9. _____ Franklin Pierce Whigs' last presidential candidate in 1852
h. Whig president who nearly destroyed the
10. ____ Winfield Scott Compromise of 1850 before he died in office
i. Rich Spanish colony coveted by American
11. ____ Nicaragua proslavery expansionists in the 1850s
j. Place where northerners tried but failed to get
12. ____ Matthew Perry the federal government to abolish slavery but
where the slave trade was ended by the
13. ____ Cuba Compromise of 1850
k. Organized as territories under Douglas's
14. ____ Kansas and controversial law of 1854 that left the
Nebraska decision on slavery up to popular sovereignty
15. ____ Stephen A. l. New York senator who argued that the expansion
Douglas of slavery was forbidden by a "higher law"
m. Organized as territories under the Compromise of
1850, with their decision on slavery left up to
popular sovereignty
n. Northern spokesman whose support for the
Compromise of 1850 earned him the hatred of
abolitionists
o. Acquired from Mexico in 1848 and admitted as a
free state in 1850 without ever having been a
territory
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Matching Cause and Effect
1. _____ The evasion of the a. Prepared the way for the antislavery
slavery issue by Whigs Republican Party
and Democrats in 1848 b. Fell apart after the leaking of the
2. _____ The California gold rush Ostend Manifesto
c. Caused a tremendous northern protest
3. _____ The Underground Railroad and the birth of the Republican party
d. Made the issue of slavery in the
4. _____ The Free Soil Party Mexican Cession areas more urgent
e. Created a short-lived national mood of
5. _____ The Compromise of 1850 optimism and reconciliation
f. Heightened competition between
6. _____ The Fugitive Slave Law southern and northern railroad
promoters over the choice of a
7. _____ The Pierce administration's transcontinental route
schemes to acquire Cuba g. Led to the formation of new
8. _____ The Gadsden Purchase antislavery party, the Free-Soilers
h. Aroused active northern resistance to
9. _____ Stephen Douglas's legal enforcement and prompted
indifference to slavery attempts at nullification in
and desire for a northern Massachusetts
railroad route i. Led to the passage of the Kansas-
10. ____ The Kansas-Nebraska Act Nebraska Act, without regard for the
consequences
j. Aroused southern demands for an
effective fugitive-slave law
Developing Historical Skills: Understanding Cause and Effect
It is crucial to understand how certain historical forces or events cause other historical developments. In the pairs of listed below, (A) and (B), Circle which was the cause of the other.
1. (A) The acquisition of California (B) The Mexican War
2. (A) The entry ot California into the Union (B) The California gold rush
3. (A) The death of President Zachary Taylor
(B) The passage of the Compromise of 1850
4. (A) Northern aid to fugitive slaves
(B) The passage of the Fugitive Slave Law
5. (A) The disappearance of the Whig party (B) The election of 1852
6. (A) The Compromise of 1850 (B) Southern "filibuster" ventures
7. (A) The Gadsden Purchase
(B) The southern plan for a transcontinental railroad
8. (A) Douglas's plan for a transcontinental railroad
(B) The Kansas-Nebraska Act
9. (A) The Ostend Manifesto
(B) The end of Pierce administration schemes to acquire Cuba
10. (A) The rise of the Republican party (B) The Kansas-Nebraska Act