HISTORICAL PERIOD 2: CHAPTER 5 WORKSHEET
TRUE OR FALSE: (+) = True (0) - False
1. _____ Most of the spectacular growth of the colonial population came from
immigration rather than natural increase.
2. _____ The most numerous white ethnic groups in the colonies were the
Germans and the ScotsIrish.
3. _____ Compared with the seventeenth century colonies, the eighteenth-
century colonies were becoming more socially equal and democratic.
4. _____ The lowest class of whites in the colonies consisted of the
convicted criminals shipped to America by British authorities.
5. _____ Thomas Jefferson's condemnation of British support of the slave
trade was removed from the Declaration of Independence.
6. _____ Doctors and lawyers were more highly regarded in the colonies than
clergymen.
7. _____ Besides agriculture, the most important colonial economic activities
were related to the sea.
8. _____ Colonial merchants were generally satisfied to trade in protected
British markets and accepted imperial restrictions on trade with
other countries.
9. _____ The established Anglican church in the South was much more powerful
than the established Congregational church of New England.
10. ____ The Great Awakening came after a period of religious decline caused
by clerical overintellectualism and lay liberalism.
11. ____ Great Awakening revivalists like Jonathan Edwards and George
Whitefield tried to replace the older Puritan ideas of conversion
and salvation with more rational and less emotional beliefs.
12. ____ The Great Awakening broke down denominational and sectional
barriers, creating a great sense of common American identity and
unity.
13. ____ Most early colonial education, including that at the college level,
was closely linked with religion.
14. ____ The greatest colonial cultural achievements came in art and
imaginative literature rather than in theology and political theory.
15. ____ The central point of conflict in colonial politics was the relation
between the democratically elected lower house of the assembly and
the governors appointed by the king or colonial proprietor.
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Multiple Choice
1. The primary reason for the spectacular growth of America's population in
the eighteenth century was
a. the conquering of new territories.
b. the natural fertility of the population.
c. the increased importation of white indentured servants and black
slaves.
d. new immigration from Europe.
2. German settlement in the colonies was especially heavy in
a. Massachusetts. b. Maryland. c. New York. d. Pennsylvania.
3. The Scots-Irish eventually became concentrated especially in
a. the seacoast settlements. c. the frontier areas.
b. the New England colonies. d. the cities.
4. Compared with the seventeenth century, American colonial society in the
eighteenth century showed
a. greater domination by small farmers and artisans.
b. greater equality of wealth and status.
c. greater gaps in wealth and status between rich and poor.
d. greater opportunity for convicts and indentured servants to climb to
the top.
5. The most honored professional in colonial America was the
a. lawyer. b. clergyman. c. doctor. d. journalist.
6. The primary source of livelihood for most colonial Americans was
a. manufacturing. c. Iumbering.
b. agriculture. d. commerce and trade.
7. Indians and African-Americans shared in the common American experience of
a. migrating westward in search of free land.
b. creating new societies out of the mingling of diverse ethnic groups.
c. forming closed, settled communities that resisted outsiders.
d. clinging to traditional cultural values brought from the Old World.
8. An unfortunate group of involuntary immigrants who ranked below indentured
servants on the American social scale were
a. the younger sons of English gentry. c. convicts and paupers.
b. French-Canadian fur traders. d. single women.
9. The "triangular trade" involved the sale of rum, molasses, and slaves
among the ports of
a. Virginia, Canada, and Britain.
b. the West Indies, France, and South America.
c. New England, Britain, and Spain.
d. New England, Africa, and the West Indies.
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10. The passage of British restrictions on trade encouraged colonial
merchants to
a. organize political resistance in the British Parliament.
b. find ways to smuggle and otherwise evade the law by trading with
other countries.
c. turn to domestic trade within the colonies.
d. turn from trading to such other enterprises as fishing and
manufacturing.
11. Besides offering rest and refreshment, colonial taverns served an
important function as centers of
a. news and political opinion. c. medicine and law.
b. trade and business. d. religious revival.
12. The Anglican church suffered in colonial America because of
a. its strict doctrines and rigid church order.
b. its weak clergy and close ties with British authorities.
c. its inability to adjust to conditions of life in New England.
d. its reputation for fostering fanatical revivalism.
13. The two best-estabiished colonial denominations were the
a. Quakers and Dutch Reformed. c. Anglicans and Congregationalists.
b. Baptists and Lutherans. d. Roman Catholics & Presbyterians.
14. Among the many important results of the Great Awakening was that it
a. broke down sectional boundaries and created a greater sense of common
American identity.
b. contributed to greater religious liberalism and toleration in the
churches.
c. caused a decline in colonial concern for education.
d. moved Americans closer to a single religious outlook.
15. A primary weapon used by colonial legislatures in their conflicts with
royal governors was
a. extending the franchise to include almost all adult white citizens.
b. passing laws prohibiting the governors from owning land or
industries.
c. voting them out of office.
d. using their power of taxation to withhold the governor's salary.
Identification
1. Corruption of a German word used as a term for German immigrants in
Pennsylvania _______________________________
2. Section of the colonies where most Scots-Irish settlers were located.
_____________________
3. Activity in which many colonial merchant princes made fortunes that
aroused fears of "Europeanization" _______________________________________
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4. Popular term for convicted criminals dumped on colonies by British
authorities ________________________
5. Dreaded epidemics of disease, especially smallpox and diphtheria _________
6. A once-despised profession that rose in prestige after 1750 because its
practitioners defended colonial rights ___________________________________
7. Small but profitable trade route that linked New England, Africa, and the
West Indies. _____________________________________________________________
8. Popular colonial centers of recreation, gossip, and political debate
___________________________
9. Term for tax-supported condition of Congregational and Anglican churches,
but not of Baptists, Quakers, and Roman Catholics ________________________
10. Spectacular, emotional religious revival of the 1730s and 1740s
___________________________
11. Ministers who supported the Great Awakening against the "old light"
clergy who rejected it ____________________________
12. Institutions that were founded in greater numbers as a result of the
Great Awakening, although a few had been founded earlier ________________
13. The case that established the precedent that true statements about public
officials could not be prosecuted as libel ______________________________
14. The upper house of a colonial legislature, appointed by the crown or the
proprietor ____________________________
15. Commodity that a person had to own a certain amount of in order to be
eligible to vote ___________________
Developing Historical Skills - Map Comparison
Use the map on page 83 and the map on page 89 to answer the following
questions.
1. What agricultural activities were most of the Dutch immigrants involved
in? ______________________________________________________________________
2. With what part of the agricultural economy were African-American slaves
most involved? ___________________________________________________________
3. Which major immigrant group may have had some involvement in the colonial
iron industry? ___________________________________________________________
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Matching People, Places, and Events
1. _____ Philadelphia a. Itinerant British evangelist who spread the
Great Awakening throughout the colonies
2. _____ African-Americans b. Colonial printer whose case helped begin
freedom of the press
3. _____ Scots-Irish c. Colonial painter who studied and worked in
Britain
4. _____ Paxton Boys and d. Leading city of the colonies; home of
Regulators Benjamin Franklin
5. _____ Patrick Henry e. Largest non-English group in the colonies
f. Worst example of a corrupt and incompetent
6. _____ Molasses Act royal governor
g. Former slave who became a poet at an early
7. _____ Anglican church age
h. Scots-Irish frontiersmen who protested
8. _____ Jonathan Edwards against colonial elites of Pennsylvania and
North Carolina
9. _____ George Whitefield i. Attempt by British authorities to squelch
colonial trade with French West Indies
10. ____ Phillis Wheatley j. Brilliant New England theologian who
instigated the Great Awakening
11. ____ Benjamin Franklin k. Group that settled the frontier, made
whiskey and hated the British and other
12. ____ John Peter Zenger governmental authorities
l. Nonestablished religious group that
13. ____ Lord Cornbury benefited from the Great Awakening
m. Author, scientist, printer; "the first
14. ____ Baptists civilized American”
n. Eloquent lawyer-orator who argued in
15. ____ John Singleton defense of colonial rights
Copley o. Established religion in southern colonies
and New York; weakened by lackadaisical
clergy and too-close ties with British
crown
Map Mastery: Use the maps and charts in Chapter 5 to answer the following
questions.
1. Which section contained the fewest non-English minorities? _______________
2. The Scots-Irish were concentrated most heavily on the frontiers of which
four colonies? ___________________________________________________________
3. In which colony were German and Swiss immigrants most heavily
concentrated? __________________________
4. Which colony contained the largest concentration of French immigrants?
5. Which was the larger minority in the colonies: all the non-English white
ethnic groups together, or the African-Americans? ________________________
6. Which two social groups stood between the landowning farmers and the
slaves in the colonial social pyramid? ___________________________________
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7. Which of the following religious groups were most heavily concentrated in
the middle colonies: Lutherans, Dutch Reformed, Quakers, Baptists, Roman
Catholics? _______________________________________________________________
8. How many years after the Declaration of Independence in 1776 was the last
church officially disestablished? ________________________________________
9. How many of the colonial colleges were originally founded by "established"
denominations? ________________
Matching Cause and Effect
Cause Effect
1. _____ The high natural fertility a. Prompted colonial assemblies to
of the colonial population withhold royal governors'
2. _____ The heavy immigration of salaries
Germans, Scots-Irish, Africans, b. Weakened religious commitment in
and others into the colonies the early eighteenth century
3. _____ The large profits made by c. Resulted in the development of a
merchants as military suppliers colonial "melting pot," only one- for imperial wars half English by 1775
4. _____ American merchants' search for d. Was met by British attempts to
non-British markets restrict colonial trade, e.g.,
5. _____ Clerical dry intellectualism the Molasses Act
and lay liberalism e. Increased the wealth of the
6. _____ The Great Awakening eighteenth-century colonial elite
f. Led to the increase of American
7. _____ The Zenger case population to one-third of
England's in 1775
8. _____ The appointment of unpopular g. Forced the migration of colonial
or incompetent royal governors artists to Britain to study and
to colonies pursue artistic careers
9. _____ Upper-class fear of "democratic h. Marked the beginnings of freedom
excesses" by poor whites of printed political expression
10. ____ The lack of artistic concerns, in the colonies
cultural tradition, and leisure i. Reinforced colonial property
in the colonies qualifications for voting
j. Stimulated more emotional styles
of religion and greater
intercolonial unity